What is the difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism?

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the front of the neck, and it has a significant impact on overall health. Thyroid disorders can cause the gland to produce hormones improperly, so what is the difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism?

What is the difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism?

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are two distinct conditions. In hyperthyroidism, the body produces too many thyroid hormones, whereas in hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and produces too few hormones.

Hypothyroidism is more common than hyperthyroidism. Both conditions can be caused by autoimmune diseases, although other potential causes exist for each.

The most significant and noticeable difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism lies in the symptoms. Hypothyroidism causes weight gain, fatigue, dry skin, and cold intolerance, while hyperthyroidism leads to weight loss, anxiety, irritability, and increased heart rate.

In fact, the methods for diagnosing both conditions are similar, but the treatments are entirely different. In the following paragraphs, we will delve into more details about the differences between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

How are they different?

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) occurs when the body does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which control how the body uses energy and affect most organs. Without enough of these hormones, many body functions slow down. Conversely, hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) occurs when the thyroid produces too many hormones, speeding up body functions. The following is an explanation of the differences between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism:

• Difference in Symptoms

Here are the key differences between the symptoms of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism:

 Difference in Causes

Although both can be caused by autoimmune diseases, many other factors can lead to these conditions:

• Difference in Diagnosis Methods

In both conditions, the doctor will take a medical history, perform a physical exam, and order a blood test to measure thyroid hormone levels and check thyroid function.

In hypothyroidism, the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is higher than 4.0 mIU/L, and thyroxine (T4) level is less than 5.0 μg/dL.

In hyperthyroidism, the TSH level is less than 4.0 mIU/L, and T4 level is higher than 11.0 μg/dL. The doctor might also measure triiodothyronine (T3) levels to confirm the diagnosis, with levels above 200 ng/dL indicating hyperthyroidism.

Thyroid antibody tests can also help diagnose thyroid disorders causing hypo- or hyperthyroidism.

By conducting comprehensive thyroid tests offered by Blazma, such as free or total thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free or total triiodothyronine, or the thyroid tests package, one can ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment for thyroid conditions.

• Difference in Treatment

Treatment for hypothyroidism typically involves lifelong medication to replace the low hormone levels with synthetic thyroid hormone similar to thyroxine.

For hyperthyroidism, treatment options include antithyroid medications to slow hormone production, radioactive iodine therapy, surgical removal of the thyroid gland, and beta-blockers.